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From 5G to Edge, Remote Connectivity Advancements Will Break Down Transmission Barriers
從5G到邊緣，遠程連接技術的發展將打破傳輸障礙

Distance and physical barriers are hampering data transmission to remote locations, but new technologies are evolving to break down these barriers. In its newest report, “Innovating Remote Connectivity,” Lux Research, a leading provider of tech-enabled research and advisory services, analyzes evolving technologies and their suitability for key industries that require remote solutions.

距離和物理障礙阻礙了向遠程位置的數據傳輸，但是不斷涌現的新技術正在打破這些障礙。領先的技術研究與咨詢服務提供商Lux Research在其最新《創新遠程連接》報告中，分析了不斷發展的技術及其對需要遠程解決方案的關鍵行業的適用性。

Over long distances, the options for transmission technologies dwindle, leaving 4G/5G cellular, LPWAN, and satellite as suitable, reliable options for remote connectivity.

在長距離傳輸中，傳輸技術的選擇越來越少，使得4G/5G蜂窩、LPWAN和衛星成為遠程連接的合適、可靠選擇。

“The trade-offs between 4G cellular, LPWAN, and satellite have long been known,” said lead analyst and report author Michael Sullivan. “LPWAN’s low bandwidth is well-suited for remote device monitoring, while satellite’s long range makes it suitable for environmental monitoring.”

首席分析師兼報告作者Michael Sullivan表示：“4G蜂窩、LPWAN和衛星之間的權衡早已為人所知。LPWAN的低帶寬非常適合遠程設備監控，而衛星的長距離使其適合環境監控。”

Remote connectivity solutions aren’t only concerned with how data is transmitted: Where data is processed is also an important consideration. Edge computing enables companies to strategically place data processing nodes closer to the data source, reducing latency. When data can be processed locally, as it is in edge computing, less traffic has to be sent to remote data centers or transferred to central cloud platforms for processing. This capability reduces bandwidth and power requirements and can allow lower-cost technologies to be deployed.

遠程連接解決方案不僅關心數據如何傳輸:數據在哪里處理也是一個重要的考慮因素。邊緣計算使公司能夠戰略性地將數據處理節點放置在離數據源更近的地方，從而減少延遲。當可以像在邊緣計算中一樣在本地處理數據時，需要發送到遠程數據中心或傳輸到中央云平臺進行處理的流量就會減少。這一功能降低了帶寬和功耗要求，并可以部署成本更低的技術。

Lux Research has ranked the different connectivity options that are best suited for certain industries. For example, oil and gas should utilize LPWAN for surface equipment monitoring and satellite for onshore or offshore drilling. The best solution for well and production data analysis is increasingly a 5G hybrid that combines both range and low latency.

Lux Research對最適合某些行業的不同連接技術進行了排名。例如，石油和天然氣應利用LPWAN進行地面設備監控，并利用衛星進行陸上或海上鉆探。結合了距離和低延遲的5G混合技術越來越多地成為油井和生產數據分析的最佳解決方案。

Remote manufacturing will benefit most from 5G for predictive maintenance and remote control of robots and machines but should use LPWAN for energy consumption monitoring. Mining and construction can benefit from a range of options: LPWAN for site equipment monitoring, satellite for site inspection, and 5G for automated machine operation.

遠程制造將從5G對機器人和機器的預測維護和遠程控制中受益最大，但應使用LPWAN進行能耗監控。采礦和建筑可以從一系列選項中受益：用于現場設備監控的LPWAN，用于現場檢查的衛星以及用于自動化機器操作的5G。

Supply chains can also benefit from a combined technology approach, using LPWAN for warehouse and logistics monitoring, 5G and satellite for real-time tracking and tracing, and an LPWAN-satellite hybrid for cold chain monitoring solutions. The utilities industry can benefit most from LPWAN for wind farm operation and smart meters, and satellites for UAV line inspection.

供應鏈還可以從組合技術中受益，使用LPWAN進行倉庫和物流監控，使用5G和衛星進行實時跟蹤和追蹤，以及使用LPWAN衛星混合技術來進行冷鏈監控解決方案。電力行業則主要受益于將LPWAN用于風電場運行和智能電表，以及衛星用于無人機線路檢查。

Lux Research predicts that 5G technology will emerge as a unifier with its ability to address multiband use cases and that satellites will become more cost-effective as they cater to more IoT services. In addition, 6G will emerge as an expansion of mmWave, with limited uses in remote communications.

Lux Research預測，5G技術因其能夠解決多波段使用將成為一個統一的平臺，而衛星將變得更加經濟高效，因為它們可以滿足更多的物聯網服務。此外，6G將作為毫米波的擴展而出現，但在遠程通信中的使用有限。